Understanding EPL tie-breakers

I’m thinking about the tie-breakers in the English Premier League. They go from goal difference, then goals scored, and then head-to-head results if teams are still tied. Since 2019, away goals in head-to-head matches aren’t a factor anymore. Historically, the Premier League didn’t prioritize head-to-head records. So, when drafting my answer, I’ll focus on goal difference and goals scored while being careful around the details. I'll also consider games in hand. Let's get to it!